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> 亲和层析
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> 2021年6月24日 21:50
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- 亲和层析
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- 基本原理
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◊ 定 义
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◊ 通过生物分子之间的特异性的识别并相互作用来分离纯化物质
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◊ 如酶和底物、抗原和抗体之间专一的相互作用
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◊ 将其一作为配基固定在填料上,就可以从初始样品中吸附相应的生物分子,
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通过洗脱将其解离达到纯化的目的
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◊ 优势特点
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◊ 能够完成一般方法很难完成的分离
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◊ 经常可以一步达>90%的纯度
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◊ 高选择性
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◊ 高分辨率
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◊ 高结合载量
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◊ 快速将目标蛋白与大量杂质分离
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◊ 填料结构
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◊ 较长的间隔臂
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- 层析步骤
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◊ 一般操作步骤和层析图谱
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> ◊
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> ◊ 上样前的样品优化
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> ◊ 加强目的分子与配基之间的特异性亲和力
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> 上样前,过滤或离心样品以去除颗粒性固体成分
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> 调节样品的pH、盐浓度和添加剂来提高结合的效率
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> 通过脱盐柱置换缓冲液,去除能影响结合的物质
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> ◊ 样品洗脱方式
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> ◊ 打破目的分子和配基之间的亲和力
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> 常规洗脱
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- 改变缓冲液的组成
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- 高盐洗脱
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- 使用极端pH或者变性剂
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- 低pH缓冲液冲洗抗体
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> 竞争洗脱
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- 加入目的分子类似物
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>
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- 加入配基类似物
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>  图 片
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–
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- 应用举例
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◊ 标签蛋白亲和层析
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◊ 基本原理
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>
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> ◊ 亲和标签的种类
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> 短肽类小标签
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> 大标签
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> 双标签
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>  图 片
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–
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> ◊ His标签蛋白的纯化
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> 
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> Ni填料结构和His标签亲和原理
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–
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> 常规的His标签蛋白纯化填料
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> 结合液咪唑浓度的摸索
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- Ni填料离心柱快速筛选
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- 预装柱线性梯度洗脱
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> 
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> Ni柱之后的精纯(一般接分子筛)
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> –
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> Ni Sepharose excel
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- 用于纯化大体积分泌蛋白
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- 耐酸耐碱、耐EDTA、耐还原剂
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> 金属离子的筛选
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- IMAC Sepharose
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>  TALON Superflow-纯度最高
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> –
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> ◊ Strep(Ⅱ)和两联Strep(Ⅱ)标签蛋白的纯化
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> 原理和介绍
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>  原理及特点
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–
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>  纯化实例
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–
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> ◊ GST标签蛋白的纯化
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>  填料结构和亲和原理
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–
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>  特 点
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–
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>  GST填料的结合和洗脱
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–
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>  填料的种类
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–
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>  GST标签的酶切
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–
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> 使用PreScission酶对GST标签蛋白进行柱上酶切
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> –
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> 洗脱后酶切前的分子筛精纯
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- 去除且不开的高聚组份
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> 其他条件优化
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- 降低上样流速有利于目的分子结合
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- 提高样品浓度有利于目的分子结合
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> 杂质对于纯度的影响
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- 杂质可能结合目的蛋白而非GST标签和GST层析柱
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> 
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> Cytiva全流程GST标签融合蛋白解决方案
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> –
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> ◊ MBP标签蛋白的纯化
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>  填料结构和亲和原理
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> –
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> 特 点
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>  纯化实例
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–
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> 双标签蛋白的纯化
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- N和C端各连接一个标签
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> ◊ 抗体亲和层析
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> ◊ 抗体的结构
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> ◊ Protein G填料特点
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>
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> ◊ Protein A填料特点
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>
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> ◊ Protein A和Protein
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> G蛋白与抗体亚型的亲和力
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>
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> ◊ MabSelect家族
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>  发展历史
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–
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> 不同比较
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> MabSelect PrismA综合性能最佳
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- 对人lgG可达80mg/ml载量
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- 碱洗CIP300循环下仍可保持高载量
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- 强碱NaOH对层析填料的清晰效果
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- 图片
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> ◊ 耐碱配基的研发过程
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> ◊ 纯化实例
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> Protein A填料
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- 图谱和电泳
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- pH和离子强度的优化
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> Protein G填料
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- 图谱和电泳
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>  耐碱的MabSelect SuRe填料
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–
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>  耐碱的载量最高的MabSelect
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> PrismA填料
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–
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> ◊ 工业生产工艺路线
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> ◊ 抗体片段亲和层析
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>  抗体片段的结构
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–
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> Capto L填料
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- 配基为Protein L
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- 实例
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>  替代方案
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–
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> KappaSelect&LambdaFabSelect填料
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–
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> ◊ lgM的纯化
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> ◊ lgY的纯化
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> ◊ 族特异亲和层析
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> ◊ 填料的种类
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> ◊ Con A和Lentil
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> Lectin填料捕获含多糖物质
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> ◊ 细胞外膜蛋白质组的提取
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> ◊ 预活化亲和层析
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> ◊
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> 预活化填料共价偶联配基去吸附目标分子
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> ◊ 填料的特点
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> ◊ 利用TNF-α的抗体片段作为配基纯化TNF-α
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> 
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> ◊
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> 草酸作为配基从肾脏中垂钓草酸结合蛋白
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>
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> 
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